代写房地产项目成本管理硕士论文,项目成本控制论文,代写论文网专业代写项目管理硕士论文,硕士论文,MBA论文,留学生论文,英文论文,毕业论文,党校研究生论文以及论文开题报告,文献综述,专业论文翻译,策划报告,咨询项目等提供服务。 在读博士、高校教师执笔写作,八年专业代写论文经验,保证100%通过,经学术不端系统检测! 请通过以下方式咨询详情: 联系电话:(0)13880668339 邮件地址:LunWen339@163.com 市场经济条件下民间审计问题的若干思考
【摘要】 信息革命和网络技术的发展,大大地加快了世界经济一体化的进程。随着我国加入世界经济贸易组织,将加快社会主义市场经济体制的不断完善,客观上需要大发展注册会计师事业,国际资本一体化带来了会计市场的一体化,这不仅为我国注册会计师提供了更为广阔的执业领域,也对中国注册会计师提出了更高的执业要求。这促使我们必须加强对注册会计师审计也就是民间审计问题的研究,以便更好地与国际惯例接轨。本文主要从审计环境与民间审计、目前我国民间审计存在的主要问题及成因分析、解决民间审计问题的思路与举措以及我国民间审计的改革取向和未来走势等四个方面进行了研究。 一、审计环境与民间审计 我们在研究审计理论时,绝不能抽象地、孤立地仅仅对审计本身加以研究,而是运用系统理论的思维方式,将审计视为一个系统,并将其放在其所处的特定时间和空间环境中进行研究,才可能比较合理地揭示审计发展规律,促进审计目标实现。为此,我们研究市场经济条件下的民间审计,应研究审计环境。民间审计与一定时期社会经济生产力水平、政治体制、法律制度、经济发展、社会文化等诸多因素密切相关。通过对民间审计环境的研究,不但能了解和掌握环境是如何直接和间接地影响民间审计的...更多发展,而且能充分把握在不同环境下民间审计发展的脉胳和时代特征。 1.民间审计环境因素分析 民间审计环境分为宏观环境和微观环境两个方面,宏观环境又称外部环境,包括政治环境、经济环境、法律环境和文化环境等。微观环境也称为内部环境,包括会计师事务所及其收益与市场状况、注册会计师协会及自律情况、审计方法、程序、被审单位、审计信息使用者等。在此,仅对宏观环境因素进行分析。 (1)政治环境因素。政治对社会生活的影响无孔不入,民间审计作为社会生活 的一部分,无法避免受到来自政治环境因素的影响。一个国家的国体和政体决定审计 的地位、性质和职能的发挥. (2)经济环境困素.审计是经济发展到一定阶段的必然产物,任何一个国家审 计的友展都必须适应经济发展水平要求.市场经济的发展,所有权和经营权的分离, 使民间审计应运而生,这也是经济基础起决定作用的具体体现。 (3)法律环境困素。法律是建立审计制度的依据,依法审计是审计监督的显著 特点,也为民间审计的实现提供了法律保障。 (4)文化环境因素。文化素质的提高促进社会民主意识、廉洁意识的加强,促 进审计的发展,提高信息的可信性。2.民间审计与审计环境的关系 民间审计与其所依存的客观环境之间存在者密切的关系,有什么样的社会经济环 境就有什么样的民间审计模式,社会经济环境各因素制约着民间审计的具体内容。主 要体现在审计目标上,民间审计的管理体制、审计准则的制定与实施,信息披露乃至 审计报告制度都围绕审计目标运转,社会经济环境从而通过审计目标的实现来制约民 间审计的具体内客。3.市场经济与民间审计的相互关系 市场经济的基本特征是资源配置市场化,生产社会化、管理科学化和宏观调控Jbl 接化。维系市场经济有序运转主要依赖于两个方面:一是完善的法律制度,二是可靠 的信息,前者是前提,后者是基础。民间审计的基本职能是鉴证、评价,独立、客观、 公正是其基本特征,使得民间审计在市场经济中能发挥巨大作用。4.世界经济一休化与民间审计创新 我国加入世贸组织,将促使会计市场的国际一体化,对民间审计既面临机遇,又 必须迎接挑战,促使我国的民间审计必须具有完全的独立性和公共性、会计师事务所 向规模化发展、民间审计执业人员的素质趋于完美化、防范审计风险能力力叫虽等方面 做好自身的努力,才能适应世界经济一体化的要求。 2 1 二、目前我国民间审计存在的主要问题及成因分析 在分析了民间审计与审计环境的相互关系后,来进一步分析研究在市场经济的条 件下,我国民间审计目前存在的一些主要问题及成因。问题一:执业人员职业道德水平整体不高 民间审计执业人员的职业道德水平不高主要表现为:执业不规范、采取各种不正 当手段招缆客户、承接不能肚任的业务、泄漏客户的商业秘密等。原因是民间审计执 业环境差,执业人员自身要求不高以及法 【Abstract】 I. Audition Environment and Civil AuditionIn no way can we study audition theories abstractively and separately. In fact, weshould regard audition as a system and study it utilizing system theories and approaches. Only in this way can we reveal the development laws of audition more properly and fulfill audition goals more quickly. Therefore, we should start our study of civil audition in socialistic market economy from the study of audition environment. Civil audition is closely connected with such aspects of a certain historic period as social economic productivity, political system, legal system, economic development and social culture. As a result, through the study of civil audition environment, we can not only understand how environment directly and indirectly influences civil audition but also fully grasp the development of civil audition under different environments and its characteristics in each historic period.1. Analysis of Environmental Factors of Civil AuditionEnvironment ...更多of civil audition is divided into macro environment andmicroenvironment. Macro environment, also known as outer environment, consists mainly of political environment, economic environment, legal environment and cultural environment. Micro environment, also known as inner environment, includes accounting firms and their income and marketing condition, associations of registered accountants and their self disciplines, audition methods, procedure, units under audition, users of audition information etc. In this part, only factors of macro environment are analyzed.a. Political factors: Politics affects every part of social life. Civil audition, as a part of social life, unexceptionally is affected by political environment. A country's constitution and political system determine not only the position and nature of audition but also the exertion of its functions.b. Economic factors: Audition is the natural result of the development ofeconomy. The development of a country's audition has to meet the requirements of economic development. Civil audition came into existence with the development of market economy and the separation of ownership and management, which also proves that economy is the basis of everything else.c. Legal factors: Audition system has been established basing on laws.Practicing audition in accordance with laws is a conspicuous feature of audition supervision. Laws also provide legal guarantees for the fulfillment of civil audition.d. Cultural factors: The improvement of cultural makings promotes socialdemocracy consciousness and probity consciousness, which consequently will improve the development of audition and its creditability.2. The Relationship between Civil Audition and Audition EnvironmentCivil audition is close connected with its objective environment. The social economic environment determines the mode of civil audition. In fact factors of socialeconomic environment restrict contents of civil audition, which is mainly reflected on audition goals. Audition goals are the centers of audition operation. All the other aspects of civil audition, such as administration system, audition rules, information releasing and even audition report system, are all established and operated around the center of audition goals. In this way, social economic environment restricts the contents of civil audition through fulfilling audition goals.3. The Relationship between Market Economy and Civil AuditionThe basic features of market economy are as follows: marketization of resources configuration, socialization of production, scientific administration and indirect macro-regulation and control. Two factors account for the orderly operation of market economy- a perfect legal system and reliable information. The former is the premise while the latter is the basis. The basic functions of civil audition are appraisal and evaluation. Its basic features are its independence, objectiveness and fairness, which ensure that 市场经济条件下民间审计问题的若干思考 一、 审计环境与民间审计 19-39 |
